[PHP] Highlight search result

一般我們在做搜尋時，輸出的結果都會對 keyword 做 highlight 來凸顯比對結果
像字串 How to highlight search result 如果以 highlight, result 為 keyword 來搜尋
我們一般期待輸出的結果為 How to <span class=highlight>highlight</span> search <span class=highlight>result</span>
如果單純以 str_replace 用迴圈來對每個 keyword 比對時，在跑第二次也會發生問題
或是用 array 來建立 keys 和 replace 也會有點麻煩

一個簡單的寫法是使用 preg_replace 來處理

以下是範例
<style>
    .highlight {color:red}
</style>
<?php
$keys[] = 'highlight';
$keys[] = 'result';
$text = 'How to highlight search result.';

echo findKeywords_org($text, $keys) . '<br>';
echo findKeywords($text, $keys) . '<br>';

function findKeywords_org($text, $keys)
{
$replace = array();
foreach($keys as $k)
{
$replace[] = "<span class=highlight>$k</span>";
}
return str_ireplace($keys, $replace, $text);
//這是 str_replace 不分大小寫的版本，但限定 php5 以上才有，故在 php4 要不分大寫法也須要自行處理，會很麻煩
}

function findKeywords($text, $keys)
{
    $text = htmlspecialchars($text);
    $patterns = '/('. implode('|', $keys) .')/i'; //i 是不分大小寫
    $replacements = '<span class=highlight>${0}</span>'; //${0}所以比對 patterns 到的字串 value
    return preg_replace($patterns, $replacements, $text);
}


Ref: http://php.net/manual/en/function.preg-replace.php

[JavaScript] Variable dump

一個簡單的方法是
console.log(object);

另一個是寫個 dump 函數
function dump(obj) {
         var out = '';
         for (var i in obj) {
                 if (typeof obj[i] === "object")
                         out += i + ": {\n" + dump(obj[i]) + "}\n";
                 else
                         out += i + ": " + obj[i] + "\n";
         }
         return out;
}


Example:
<script>
        var book = {
                name: 'Javascript tutorial',
                price: 50,
                index: {
                        1: 'introduction',
                        2: 'hello world'
                },
                toString: function () { return "name: " + this.name + ",price: " + this.price; }
        }
        function dump(obj) {
                var out = '';
                for (var i in obj) {
                        if (typeof obj[i] === "object")
                                out += i + ": {\n" + dump(obj[i]) + "}\n";
                        else
                                out += i + ": " + obj[i] + "\n";
                }
                return out;
        }
        console.log(book);
        console.log(dump(book));
</script>


[PHP] PHP array to Javascript json object

<?php

        $books = array();
        $books[] = array('name'   => 'php tutorial',
                         'author' => 'php',
                         'price'  => 100
                        );
        $books[] = array('name' => 'javascript tutorial',
                         'author' => 'javascript',
                         'price'=> 50
                        );

?>
<script>
        var books = <? echo json_encode($books) ?>;
        for(var i=0; i<books.length; i++)
        {
                console.log('name: '   + books[i].name);
                console.log('author: ' + books[i].author);
                console.log('price: '  + books[i].price);
        }
</script>

[CSS] CSS 選擇器

筆記起來...
ref: http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/selector.html

Pattern	Meaning	Described in section
*	Matches any element.	Universal selector
E	Matches any E element (i.e., an element of type E).	Type selectors
E F	Matches any F element that is a descendant of an E element.	Descendant selectors
E > F	Matches any F element that is a child of an element E.	Child selectors
E:first-child	Matches element E when E is the first child of its parent.	The :first-child pseudo-class
E:link E:visited	Matches element E if E is the source anchor of a hyperlink of which the target is not yet visited (:link) or already visited (:visited).	The link pseudo-classes
E:active E:hover E:focus	Matches E during certain user actions.	The dynamic pseudo-classes
E:lang(c)	Matches element of type E if it is in (human) language c (the document language specifies how language is determined).	The :lang() pseudo-class
E + F	Matches any F element immediately preceded by a sibling element E.	Adjacent selectors
E[foo]	Matches any E element with the "foo" attribute set (whatever the value).	Attribute selectors
E[foo="warning"]	Matches any E element whose "foo" attribute value is exactly equal to "warning".	Attribute selectors
E[foo~="warning"]	Matches any E element whose "foo" attribute value is a list of space-separated values, one of which is exactly equal to "warning".	Attribute selectors
E[lang|="en"]	Matches any E element whose "lang" attribute has a hyphen-separated list of values beginning (from the left) with "en".	Attribute selectors
DIV.warning	Language specific. (In HTML, the same as DIV[class~="warning"].)	Class selectors
E#myid	Matches any E element with ID equal to "myid".	ID selectors

[PHP] PHP 型態比較表

筆記起來...
ref: http://php.net/manual/en/function.empty.php

Comparisons of $x with PHP functions

Expression	gettype()	empty()	is_null()	isset()	boolean : if($x)
$x = "";	string	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE
$x = null	NULL	TRUE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE
var $x;	NULL	TRUE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE
$x is undefined	NULL	TRUE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE
$x = array();	array	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE
$x = false;	boolean	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE
$x = true;	boolean	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE
$x = 1;	integer	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE
$x = 42;	integer	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE
$x = 0;	integer	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE
$x = -1;	integer	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE
$x = "1";	string	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE
$x = "0";	string	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE
$x = "-1";	string	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE
$x = "php";	string	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE
$x = "true";	string	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE
$x = "false";	string	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE

Loose comparisons with ==

	TRUE	FALSE	1	0	-1	"1"	"0"	"-1"	NULL	array()	"php"	""
TRUE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE
FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE
1	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
0	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE
-1	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
"1"	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
"0"	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
"-1"	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
NULL	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE
array()	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE
"php"	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE
""	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE

Strict comparisons with ===

	TRUE	FALSE	1	0	-1	"1"	"0"	"-1"	NULL	array()	"php"	""
TRUE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
1	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
0	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
-1	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
"1"	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
"0"	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
"-1"	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
NULL	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE
array()	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE	FALSE
"php"	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE	FALSE
""	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	FALSE	TRUE